"For most of the Western world, September 11, 2001, signaled the commencement of a worldwide struggle between Islam and the West--the ultimate manifestation of the clash of civilizations. From the Islamic perspective, however, the attacks on New York and Washington were part of an ongoing clash between those Muslims who strive to reconcile their religious values with the realities of the modern world, and those who react to modernism and reform by reverting--sometimes fanatically--to the "fundamentals" of their faith."