"When a congressional committee reported in February on the Mississippi bloodshed, it concluded that the nation had arrived at a crossroads and "must either restrain by force these violent demonstrations by the bold, fierce spirits of the whites" or tell newly enfranchised black citizens, "we have made you men and citizens . . . now work out your own salvation as others have done."70 It had become flagrantly obvious that no common ground existed between the white and black communities in the South, no middle position that allowed for compromise."