"The more distant" white women are "from the benefits of and investments in traditional heterosexual marriage, the less likely they are to support Republican presidential candidates," i.e., candidates of the party more likely to support traditional white heteropatriarchy. It has long been true that some of the most energetic opponents of women's political advancement have been . . . women. Back in the nineteenth century, anti-suffrage campaigns were led by women, and of course the campaign that defeated the ERA in 1982 was led by a woman, Phyllis Schlafly. This dynamic repeated itself in focus groups leading up to the 2016 election. Jessica Morales, a left-wing activist who worked for the Clinton campaign, remembered those groups. "In every focus group for two years basically, always white women, some college-educated, but most not, would say things [to us] like, 'I'm not sure if my husband likes her. He's gotta like her for me to vote for her.' 'It doesn't really matter to me that she's the first woman president.' 'Is it really that historic?' A thing that people don't realize is that we knew that non-college-educated white women were the problem." Morales believed that these women were the crux. "It's them basically deciding to be on our side and not be Phyllis Schlafly. And the answer is that of course we lost because these women have never chosen our side, ever. Never, ever, ever."