"The military historian John Keegan notes that by the middle of the 2nd millennium BCE, the chariot allowed nomadic armies to rain death on the civilizations they invaded. "Circling at a distance of 100 or 200 yards from the herds of unarmored foot soldiers, a chariot crew--one to drive, one to shoot--might have transfixed six men a minute. Ten minutes' work by ten chariots would cause 500 casualties or more, a Battle of the Somme-like toll among the small armies of the period."14"