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9579388 Men have special needs too: for example, a man generally needs a higher daily intake of calories than a woman. But this has never been though of as a sign of men's inferiority to women; if anything, it is a sign of strength and an entitlement to extra food. philosophy politics Jonathan Wolff
0297689 Mill argued in The Subjection of Women (1869) that the sexes should be treated equally both in law and in society more generally. Nigel Warburton
bfd5dcd In a civilized society freedom to offend should be protected, but Nigel Warburton
2cd5246 As soon as you start to doubt your own existence, the act of doubting proves that you exist as a thinking thing. This Nigel Warburton
1d5f35d Robert Conquest once announced three laws of politics, the first of which says that everyone is right-wing in the matters he knows about. Roger Scruton
62bed13 minority opinions should not be silenced just because they are held by very few people. Unfashionable ideas have potential value for the whole of humanity, even if only held by one person: If all mankind minus one were of one opinion, mankind would be no more justified in silencing that one person than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind. Nigel Warburton
8b900e9 If Abraham had gone ahead and killed his son he would have done something morally wrong. A father has a basic duty to look after his son, and certainly shouldn't tie him to an altar and cut his throat in a religious ritual. What God asked Abraham to do was to ignore morality and make a leap of faith. In the Bible Abraham is presented as admirable for ignoring this normal sense of right and wrong and being ready to sacrifice Isaac. But could.. Nigel Warburton
e2ab05a One way of approaching the question about what makes a human being the same person over time would be to point out that we are living things. You are the same individual animal that you were as a baby. Locke used the word 'man' (meaning by that 'man or woman') to refer to the 'human animal'. He thought it was true to say that over a life each of us remains the same 'man' in that sense. There is a continuity of the living human being that de.. Nigel Warburton
798018b The object of this essay is to assert one very simple principle, as entitled to govern absolutely the dealings of society with the individual in the way of compulsion and control, whether the means used be physical force in the form of legal penalties or the moral coercion of public opinion. That principle is that the sole end for which mankind are warranted individually or collectively, in interfering with the liberty of action of any of t.. Nigel Warburton
012dac2 Farm animals aren't the only ones that suffer at the hands of human beings. Scientists use animals for their research. It's not just rats and guinea pigs - cats, dogs, monkeys and even chimpanzees can be found in laboratories, many of them suffering pain and distress as they are drugged or given electric shocks. Singer's test to see if any research is morally acceptable is this: would we be prepared to perform the same experiment on a brain.. Nigel Warburton
95dd262 Machiavelli stresses that it's better as a leader to be feared than to be loved. Ideally you would be both loved and feared, but that's hard to achieve. If you rely on your people loving you, then you risk them abandoning you when times get tough. If they fear you, they will be too scared to betray you. This is part of his cynicism, his low view of human nature. He thought that human beings were unreliable, greedy and dishonest. If you are .. Nigel Warburton
de65847 Ikinci olarak Mill, goruslerin duzenli olarak birbirleriyle karsi karsiya gelmedigi durumda, onlarin yalnizca olu dogmalara donusutugunu dusunur. Ifade edilen gorus yanlis olsa dahi, onun ortodoks goruse karsi bir arguman olusturdugu olgusu, bu gorusu savunanlarin inannclarini savunmaya ve aciklamaya itecektir. Bunun sonucunda, yalnizca bize dogru oldugu soylendigi icin degil, daha ziyade onun lehine argumanlari anladigimiz icin inanclara s.. Nigel Warburton
77937df Instead of looking to increase our pleasure in life, they think, we should try to become better people and do the right thing. That is what makes a life go well. Nigel Warburton
a003eda Epicurus summed up his whole philosophy in his epitaph: 'I was not; I have been; I am not; I do not mind' If Nigel Warburton
32d2a53 Alguem que ica as velas de um barco e assim se deixa levar pelas tempestades nao esteve numa viagem; apenas foi jogado de um lado para o outro. O mesmo acontece com a vida. Estar fora de controle, ser carregado pelos acontecimentos sem ter tempo para as experiencias mais valiosas e significativas, e bem diferente de viver verdadeiramente. seneca Nigel Warburton
3983bda The message is that riches, power and honour are worthless since they can come and go. No one should base their happiness on such fragile foundations. Happiness has to come from something that is more solid, something that can't be taken away. As Boethius believed that he would continue to live after death, seeking happiness in trivial worldly things was a mistake. Nigel Warburton
50407d8 In this short philosophical novel he completely undermined the kind of optimism about humanity and the universe that Pope and Leibniz had expressed, and he did it in such an entertaining way that the book became an instant bestseller. Wisely Voltaire left his name off the title page, otherwise its publication would have landed him in prison again for making fun of religious beliefs. Candide is the central character. His name suggests innoce.. Nigel Warburton
9bd4675 But the basis of Freud's ideas aren't accepted by all philosophers, though many accept that he was right about the possibility of unconscious thought. Some have claimed that Freud's theories are unscientific. Most famously, Karl Popper (whose ideas are more fully discussed in Chapter 36) described many of the ideas of psychoanalysis as 'unfalsifiable'. This wasn't a compliment, but a criticism. For Popper, the essence of scientific research.. Nigel Warburton
015bcfe The idea that religious beliefs but not others should receive special protection is bizarre: all types of belief should be open to scrutiny, criticism, parody, and potentially ridicule in a free society. Indeed, Nigel Warburton
e4021f7 We are all basically selfish, driven by fear of death and the hope of personal gain, Nigel Warburton
70d531e Marx's main interest was in economic relationships since in his view they shape everything that we are and can become. Nigel Warburton
3b0aba5 Everything we perceive takes place in time and space, and every change has a cause. But according to Kant, that is not because of the way reality ultimately is: it is a contribution of our minds. We don't have direct access to the way the world is. Nor can we ever take the glasses off and see things as they truly are. We're stuck with this filter and without it we would be completely unable to experience anything. All we can do is recognize.. Nigel Warburton
fb70dc9 wisdom and understanding in the course of human history will only come fully at a late stage, when we're looking back on what has already happened, like someone looking back on the events of a day as night falls. Nigel Warburton
63193e8 Without free expression humankind may be robbed of ideas that would otherwise have contributed to its development. Preserving freedom of speech maximizes the chance of truth emerging from its collision with error and half-truth. It also reinvigorates the beliefs of those who would otherwise be at risk of holding views as dead dogma. Nigel Warburton
d5601e5 In 1755 one of the worst natural disasters of the eighteenth century occurred: the Lisbon earthquake that killed more than 20,000 people. This Portuguese city was devastated not just by the earthquake, but also by the tsunami that followed, and then by fires that raged for days. Nigel Warburton
d7fb93e Those who do the right thing don't do it simply because of how they feel: the decision has to be based on reason, reason that tells you what your duty is, regardless of how you happen to feel. Nigel Warburton
49bfcea the mind shaping reality just is reality. There is nothing beyond it. But this did not mean that reality remained in a fixed state. For Hegel, everything is in a process of change, and that change takes the form of a gradual increase in self-awareness, our state of self-awareness being fixed by the period in which we live. Nigel Warburton
b38f6ce If all mankind minus one were of one opinion, mankind would be no more justified in silencing that one person than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind. Nigel Warburton
ac12663 There once was a man who said 'God Must think it exceedingly odd If he finds that this tree Continues to be When there's no one about in the Quad. Nigel Warburton
ccc4cbd For Mill, the acknowledgment of his or her own fallibility is part of what makes someone a serious thinker. Human knowledge progresses when people recognize that they may be wrong even on issues that seem certain to them. Wisdom involves openness to those who disagree with us. It is only when our ideas have been subjected to criticism and all objections considered--if necessary seeking these objections out--that we have any right to think o.. Nigel Warburton
d6149c5 Dear Sir, Your astonishment's odd: I am always about in the Quad. And that's why the tree Will continue to be, Since observed by Yours faithfully, God. Nigel Warburton
d40be85 As a young man he had been a brave soldier fighting in the Peloponnesian wars against the Spartans and their allies. In middle age he shuffled around the marketplace, stopping people from time to time and asking them awkward questions. That was more or less all he did. Nigel Warburton
62ea8cc There is no poststructuralist person - no completely decentered subject for whom all meaning is arbitrary, totally relative, and purely historically contingent, unconstrained by body and brain. The mind is not merely embodied, but embodied in such a way that our conceptual systems draw largely upon the commonalities of our bodies and of the environments we live in. The result is that much of a person's conceptual system is either universal .. George Lakoff and Mark Johnson
bff21ee I may some day get a boyfriend and eventually a husband, but you will always be my first loves." -Sheetal, 14, Qatar" 5sos ashton-irwin calum-hood luke-hemmings michael-clifford music Jazmin Williams
2c8e870 We feel that we fit into this fandom even if we're an outcast or misfits in this world." -Mary, 16, Philippines" ashton-irwin calum-hood fan luke-hemmings michael-clifford music Jazmin Williams
f1f15d6 Why, Mr. Anderson?, Why, why?. Why do you do it? Why, why get up?. Why keep fighting?. Do you believe you're fighting...for something?. For more than your survival?. Can you tell me what it is?. Do you even know?; Is it freedom?, Or truth?. Perhaps peace?. Could it be for love? Illusions, Mr. Anderson. Vagaries of perception. Temporary constructs of a feeble human intellect trying desperately to justify an existence that is withou.. existence fight freedom human-beings illusions love matrix passion perception persistence survival survival-instinct truth why why-we-live win William Irwin
29ec916 As Rorschach so poetically put it, "This rudderless world is not shaped by vague metaphysical forces. It is not god who kills the children. Not fate that butchers them or destiny that feeds them to the dogs. It's us. Only us."12" William Irwin
7c75d77 They have a voice and I love seeing them in such a positive way. - JC, 15, USA 5sos ashton-irwin calum-hood luke-hemmings michael-clifford Jazmin Williams
7a12a1f Alice's message for today--in Wonderland and the world at large--is that young women can do anything they like. William Irwin
67869e1 when I see an author on this week's talk show promoting his Secret to Happiness, I can't help wondering what happened to last week's Secret on the same show. William Irwin
09deaea People who fight for a country just because they are paid to do so are mercenaries, and they have no problem switching sides if it serves their interests (Lex Luthor is a classic example). William Irwin
e03fcef accountable government does not come through elections. It comes through respect for law, through public spirit and through a culture of confession. To Roger Scruton
45729ec However, Pauling's interest in these carotenoids and flavonoids was confined to their chemical structures and the influence of structure on optical properties; he did not address their health functions. In 1941 Pauling was diagnosed with Bright's disease, or glomerulonephritis, which was at the time an often-fatal kidney disorder. On the advice of physicians at the Rockefeller Institute, he went to San Francisco for treatment by Thomas Addi.. Andrew W. Saul
6c641e4 LINUS PAULING WAS WRONG about megavitamins because he had made two fundamental errors. First, he had assumed that you cannot have too much of a good thing. Vitamins are critical to life. If people don't get enough vitamins, they suffer various deficiency states, like scurvy (not enough vitamin C) or rickets (not enough vitamin D). The reason that vitamins are so important is that they help convert food into energy. But there's a catch. To c.. Paul A. Offit