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6b3ac02 The French had handed the information from Schmidt to the Poles because they believed it to be of no value, but the Poles had proved them wrong. Simon Singh
57e37db One way to solve an encrypted message, if we know its language, is to find a different plaintext of the same language long enough to fill one sheet or so, and then we count the occurrences of each letter. We call the most frequently occurring letter the "first," the next most occurring letter the "second," the following most occurring letter the "third," and so on, until we account for all the different letters in the plaintext sample." Simon Singh
bd32e0e destitute. Simon Singh
b67e5e1 Lisa Simpson is the kind of child we not only want our children to be, but also the kind of child we want all children to be. Simon Singh
319cce4 Q: What is the volume of a pizza of thickness a and radius z? 3 points A: pi.z.z.a Simon Singh
a357fd7 necessity is the mother of invention, then Simon Singh
fa3d469 Jack Good, a veteran of Bletchley, commented: "Fortunately the authorities did not know that Turing was a homosexual. Otherwise we might have lost the war." Simon Singh
07f0c8a Alan Turing was another cryptanalyst who did not live long enough to receive any public recognition. Instead of being acclaimed a hero, he was persecuted for his homosexuality. In 1952, while reporting a burglary to the police, he naively revealed that he was having a homosexual relationship. The police felt they had no option but to arrest and charge him with "Gross Indecency contrary to Section 11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885." .. Simon Singh
275de19 Jestlize nekdy plati, ze nutnost je matkou invence, pak je rovnez mozne, ze ohrozeni je matkou kryptoanalyzy. Simon Singh
1c67f72 Po prvni svetove valce se Spojenci nebali nikoho. Simon Singh
984d9cc Polsky uspech v prolomeni Enigmy byl dan tremi faktory: strachem, matematikou a spionazi. Simon Singh
dc7f244 Kolem roku 1790, kdyz byla ratifikovana Listina svobod, mohl soukrome mluvit kdokoliv s kymkoliv - s jistotou, jakou uz dnes nema nikdo - proste tak, ze poposel po ceste kousek od ostatnich a podival se, jestli se nekdo neskryva v kerich. Simon Singh
3bcd35a The correct use of a strong cipher is a clear boon to sender and receiver, but the misuse of a weak cipher can generate a very false sense of security. Simon Singh
04cab9b Turing's secret had been exposed, and his sexuality was now public knowledge. The British Government withdrew his security clearance. He was forbidden to work on research projects relating to the development of the computer. He was forced to consult a psychiatrist and had to undergo hormone treatment, which made him impotent and obese. Over the next two years he became severely depressed, and on June 7, 1954, he went to his bedroom, carryin.. Simon Singh
f7cd7a2 Each distinct cipher can be considered in terms of a general encrypting method, known as the algorithm, and a key, which specifies the exact details of a particular encryption. Simon Singh
7f5b6b8 The best random keys are created by harnessing natural physical processes, such as radioactivity, which is known to exhibit truly random behavior. The Simon Singh
30d653b Perhaps the greatest danger in the way that alternative therapists behave is simply the promotion of their own treatments when patients should be in the care of a conventional doctor. There are numerous reports of patients with serious conditions (e.g. diabetes, cancer, AIDS) suffering harm after following irresponsible advice form alternative practitioners instead of following the advice of a doctor. scinece treatment medicine Simon Singh
4205d3c This special was followed one month later by "Bart the Genius." This was the first genuine episode of The Simpsons , inasmuch as it premiered the famous trademark opening sequence and included the debut of Bart's notorious catchphrase "Eat my shorts." Most noteworthy of all, "Bart the Genius" contains a serious dose of mathematics. In many ways, this episode set the tone for what was to follow over the next two decades, namely a relentless .. mathematical-secrets the-simpsons Simon Singh
deb536c Nao existe utilidade pratica em saber que p e irracional, mas, se podemos saber, entao certamente seria intoleravel nao saber. Simon Singh
adf720c Enigma decipherments gave the locations of numerous U-boats, but it would have been unwise to attack every single one of them, because a sudden, unexplained increase in successful British attacks would suggest to Germany that its communications were being deciphered. Simon Singh
3524d86 the numerous losses were either the result of natural misfortune or caused by a British spy who had infiltrated the German navy. The breaking of Enigma was considered impossible and inconceivable. Simon Singh
993d6d7 Most of the codebreakers returned to their civilian lives, sworn to secrecy, unable to reveal their pivotal role in the Allied war effort. While those who had fought conventional battles could talk of their heroic achievements, those who had fought intellectual battles of no less significance had to endure the embarrassment of having to evade questions about their wartime activities. Simon Singh
3a21f7e If each battalion in the Pacific employed a pair of Native Americans as radio operators, secure communication could be guaranteed. This would be much simpler than a mechanical encryption device and much harder to crack. Simon Singh
32ef4f6 There exists no purer concentration of Americanism than among the First Americans." The Navajos were so eager to fight that some of them lied about their age, or gorged themselves on bunches of bananas and swallowed great quantities of water in order to reach the minimum weight requirement of 120 pounds." Simon Singh
0ba381e They called the Navajo language a "weird succession of guttural, nasal, tongue-twisting sounds ... we couldn't even transcribe it, much less crack it." Simon Singh
4d3fcf8 A Navajo message could never be faked and could always be trusted. Simon Singh
ae11359 The only people who are in a position to point out my errors are also those who are not at liberty to reveal them. Simon Singh
890c259 An expert problem solver must be endowed with two incompatible qualities - a restless imagination and a patient pertinacity. Howard W. Eves Simon Singh
8394092 the greatest tribute to the work of the Navajo is the simple fact that their code is one of very few throughout history that was never broken. Simon Singh
eb074a8 Spravne pouziti kvalitni sifry je velkou pomoci pro obe komunikujici strany, avsak nekorektni zachazeni se slabou sifrou muze vyvolat velmi falesny pocit bezpeci. Simon Singh
bc24e9b rika se, ze zkratka NSA ve skutecnosti znamena ,,Never Say Anything Simon Singh
800fe53 Nez odevzdam tyto dokumenty do rukou verejnosti, chci rici par slov tem, jejichz zajem vzbudi, a udelit malou radu, ziskanou horkou zkusenosti. Zni takto: venujte hledani jen tolik casu, kolik muzete vysetrit vedle svych beznych povinnosti. A pokud nemate zadny volny cas, nechte celou vec byt. ... Znovu opakuji: nikdy neobetujte sve vlastni zajmy a zajmy sve rodiny veci, jez se muze ukazat jako iluze. Avsak, jak jsem jiz rekl, kdyz mate svo.. Simon Singh
a074d04 The problem looks so straightforward because it is based on the one piece of mathematics that everyone can remember - Pythagoras' theorem: In a right-angled triangle the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides. Simon Singh
c035a4f Lide zapojeni do debaty o sifrovani jsou vesmes inteligentni, cestni a jsou pro depozici klicu, ale nikdy nemaji vice nez dve tyto vlastnosti najednou. Simon Singh
020f5ee It is the same with life. Some are influenced by the love of wealth while others are blindly led on by the mad fever for power and domination, but the finest type of man gives himself up to discovering the meaning and purpose of life itself. He seeks to uncover the secrets of nature. This is the man I call a philosopher for although no man is completely wise in all respects, he can love wisdom as the key to nature's secrets. Simon Singh
4d73cd3 The mathematician's patterns, like the painter's or the poet's, must be beautiful; the ideas, like the colours or the words, must fit together in a harmonious way. Beauty is the first test: there is no permanent place in the world for ugly mathematics. G.H. Hardy Simon Singh
3e2f861 The construction of mathematical logic had become the arbiter of truth. This was the Pythagoreans' greatest contribution to civilisation - a way of achieving truth which is beyond the fallibility of human judgement. Simon Singh
de7a91f prove that xn + yn = zn has no whole number solutions for n greater than 2. Simon Singh
b0c7bab A problem worthy of attack Proves its worth by fighting back. Piet Hein Simon Singh
eb2684a Reductio ad absurdum, which Euclid loved so much, is one of a mathematician's finest weapons. It is a far finer gambit than any chess play: a chess player may offer the sacrifice of a pawn or even a piece, but a mathematician offers the game. Simon Singh
f294933 Scientific proof is inevitably fickle and shoddy. On the other hand mathematical proof is absolute and devoid of doubt. Simon Singh
749ec1c Figure 6 The science of secret writing and its main branches. Simon Singh
699b029 Number theorists consider prime numbers to be the most important numbers of all because they are the atoms of mathematics. Prime numbers are the numerical building blocks because all other numbers can be created by multiplying combinations of the prime numbers. Simon Singh
174e2be On a fatal day, in the holy season of Lent, Hypatia was torn from her chariot, stripped naked, dragged to the church, and inhumanely butchered by the hands of Peter the Reader and a troop of savage and merciless fanatics; her flesh was scraped from her bones with sharp oyster-shells, and her quivering limbs were delivered to the flames. Simon Singh